Khush

Hemophilia Hemophilia is a disorder your blood clotting system.Hemophilia is an x-linked disorder. Clotting is when your blood changes from liquid to solid in order to stop bleeding. If you have Hemophilia and you have a cut, you will bleed longer then if your blood clotted normally. Hemophilia is a life-long disease, but with a proper treatment and self-care, most people with Hemophilia can maintain an active, safe lifestyle.



Symptoms: Many large or deep bruises Joint pain and swelling caused by internal bleeding Unexplained bleeding or bruising Blood in your urine or stool Tightness in joints Nosebleeds with no obvious cause

Emergency signs: Sudden pain, swelling and warmth of large joints, such as your knees,elbows hips, etc Bleeding from injury, especially if you have a severe form of Hemophilia Painful, lasting headaches Repeated vomiting Extreme fatigue

Types of Hemophilia: Type A: The most common kind, it is caused by lack of enough clotting factor VIII Type B: The second most common, caused by lack of enough clotting factor IX Type C:This kind is rare in United States, it is causes by lack of enough clotting factor XI

Hemophilia inheritance: The gene that is causes Hemophilia A or B is located in the X chromosome, so it cant be passed from father to son Hemophilia C how ever can be passed on to offspring by either parent. The coagulation process: Coagulation starts when platelets ( blood particle involved in clotting) attach themselves to a blood vessel at the site of injury. A cascade of enzyme reactions occur, thus making a protein network that holds the platelets together in-order to form a clot. 3 kinds of blood proteins play a role in the process. 1: Procoagulant: These proteins help clots form 2: Anticoagulant: These prevent formation of clotting 3:Fibrinolytic: Help dissolve formed clots Statistics: 1 in every 5,000 male births in the United States are affected by hemophilia. In 2/3 of hemophilia cases, there is a family history. Around 70% of people with hemophilia receive multidisciplinary, comprehensive care in a network of federal hemophilia treatment centers  Age-specific mortality rates from all causes in males in the United Kingdom with hemophilia A or B who were not infected with HIV

Graph is from: http://bloodjournal.hematologylibrary.org/content/110/3/815/T3.expansion.html
 * ~  ||||||~ Severe hemophilia, 1977-1999[|*] ||||||~ Moderate/mild hemophilia, 1985-1999[|*] ||~ All males in the United Kingdom, 1999 ||
 * ^  ||~ No. of deaths ||~ Death rate per 1000 y ||~ 95% CI ||~ No. of deaths ||~ Death rate per 1000 y ||~ 95% CI ||~ Death rate per 1000 y ||
 * < ** Age, y ** ||<  ||<   ||<   ||<   ||<   ||<   ||<   ||
 * < 0-4 ||< 13 ||< 5.1 ||< 3.0-8.8 ||< 6 ||< 2.0 ||< 0.9-4.6 ||< 1.5 ||
 * < 5-14 ||< 4 ||< 0.7 ||< 0.2-1.7 ||< 4 ||< 0.5 ||< 0.2-1.3 ||< 0.1 ||
 * < 15-24 ||< 15 ||< 2.6 ||< 1.6-4.4 ||< 9 ||< 1.1 ||< 0.6-2.0 ||< 0.7 ||
 * < 25-34 ||< 28 ||< 5.8 ||< 4.0-8.4 ||< 16 ||< 1.7 ||< 1.1-2.8 ||< 1.0 ||
 * < 35-44 ||< 28 ||< 8.0 ||< 5.6-11.7 ||< 16 ||< 2.0 ||< 1.2-3.3 ||< 1.6 ||
 * < 45-54 ||< 41 ||< 17.8 ||< 13.1-24.1 ||< 35 ||< 5.8 ||< 4.2-8.1 ||< 4.1 ||
 * < 55-64 ||< 51 ||< 39.2 ||< 29.8-51.5 ||< 71 ||< 15.4 ||< 12.2-19.5 ||< 11.2 ||
 * < 65-74 ||< 41 ||< 66.7 ||< 49.1-90.5 ||< 135 ||< 43.0 ||< 36.3-50.9 ||< 32.3 ||
 * < 75-84 ||< 25 ||< 133.0 ||< 89.9-196.8 ||< 122 ||< 91.7 ||< 76.8-109.5 ||< 81.1 ||
 * < Total deaths ||< 246 ||= — ||= — ||< 414 ||= — ||= — ||= — ||