Deonte

=__**Hemophilia**__= Hemophilia is a genetic disorder in which the body can not clot blood properly for things like scabs or bruises. Hemophilia is a X-linked recessive disorder. This disorder is more common among males then females. Only because women are most likely only carries. Versus males who can have the disorder in their sex linked chromosomes. =__**Symptoms**__= The main symptom of hemophilia is bleeding. Mild cases may go unnoticed until later in life, when they occur during surgery or after trauma. In more severe cases, serious bleeding may occur without any cause. Internal bleeding may occur anywhere. Bleeding into joints is common as well. Some more severe cases involve spontaneous bleeding, but milder cases, the cut or bruise has to be made.

(This picture shows a simple cut can turn very serious for someone with hemophilia) =__**Life Expectancy**__= The life expectancy of a severe hemophiliac is now anywhere from 30 to 63 years. But someone with a moderate case of hemophilia could live up to 75.

=__**Stats**__= Hemophilia affects 1 in 5,000 male births. About 400 babies are born with hemophilia each year. In the U.S most hemophiliacs are diagnosed at a very young age. The median age for mild hemophiliacs is 36 months (3 years). Moderate Hemophilia is diagnosed in 8 months and most severe cases are diagnosed in one month. The more common case of Hemophilia is Type ''B". The only difference in type A hemophilia & type B hemophilia is they are caused by mutations in different genes.

(This is an image of someone with a severe case of Hemophilia)

=**__Extra Info__**= Changes in the F8 gene are responsible for hemophilia A, while mutations in the F9 gene cause hemophilia B. The F8 gene provides instructions for making a protein called coagulation factor VIII. A related protein, coagulation factor IX, is produced from the F9 gene. Coagulation factors are proteins that work together in the blood clotting process. After an injury, blood clots protect the body by sealing off damaged blood vessels and preventing further blood loss. In males (who have only one X chromosome), one altered copy of the gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the condition. In females (who have two X chromosomes), a mutation would have to occur in both copies of the gene to cause the disorder. Because it is unlikely that females will have two altered copies of this gene, it is very rare for females to have hemophilia. A characteristic of X-linked inheritance is that fathers cannot pass X-linked traits to their sons. But females can get hemophilia if their mother is a carrier and their father is a hemophiliac. Because they will have two altered X chromosomes. But the odds of this happening are 1 in 100,000,000. [] James,W and Ludman, Mark. D. Genetic disorders and birth defects second edition.1999 Facts of File, Inc New York, NY 10001. []
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